It is a condition that affects the spine causing pain, stiffness and possible neurological signs. It occurs when intervertebral discs begin to degenerate, leading to the formation of bony spurs or bridges around the disc and nearby spinal joints. Lesions may end up touching and fusing at the ventral part of the vertebrae. The areas of the spine most frequently affected are the thoracolumbar junction and the lumbosacral area.
It is usually progressive and not curable.
Animation of the anatomy of the vertebrae:
What causes the condition?
The exact pathophysiologic mechanism is poorly understood, but it is likely triggered by changes in the ‘anulus fibrosus’, the tough outer ring of an intervertebral disc. This disc degenerates and causes bone spurs to grow in the area, which tend to fuse and become larger and more problematic over time.
Are there any breeds of dogs prone to this condition?
All dog breeds may suffer from spondylosis deformans, but some breeds have a greater predisposition than others, such as:
- Airedale Terrier
- German Shepherd
- French Bulldog
- Boxer
- Poodle
- Cocker
- Flat-Coated Retriever
- Labrador Retreiver
- Rhodesian Ridgeback
- St.Bernard
- Irish Setter
- Dachshund
What clinical signs are observed in dogs?
Generally, walking and running are less flexible and bending of the spine is painful. The dog has a "stiff" gait and appearance, and may cry out in pain.
How will my veterinarian diagnose spondylosis deformans?
Your veterinarian may have a suspicion based upon a physical examination of your pet, but X-rays of the spine, usually taken from two perspectives disclose the problem.
What is the treatment?
After making sure that there is no other concomitant disease, your veterinarian will probably elect to prescribe painkillers or anti-inflammatory drugs, or both, depending on the severity of discomfort and degree of incapacitation..
In general, since the problem cannot be cured, treatment is directed at managing the mobility concerns and the dog's comfort. Physiotherapy exercises including time in the swimming pool are often beneficial, and help promote greater flexibility and suppleness.
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